![]() There is also a constitutional chamber, composed of ten members, and an economic and social council whose roles are purely consultative.īurkina Faso is divided into 13 regions, 45 provinces, and 301 departments: The parliament consists of two chambers: the lower house (l'Assemblée Nationale) and the upper house (la Chambre des Représentants). On November 13 Compaoré was reelected in a landslide due to a divided political opposition. This cleared the way for his candidacy in the 2005 election. However, notwithstanding a challenge by other presidential candidates, in October 2005 the constitutional council ruled that because Compaoré was already a sitting president in 2000, the amendment would not apply to him until the end of his second term in office. Another change according to the amendment would have prevented sitting president Blaise Compaoré from being re-elected. The year 2000 saw a constitutional amendment reducing the presidential term from 7 to 5 years, which was enforced during the 2005 elections. The constitution of June 2, 1991, established a semi-presidential government with a parliament (Assemblée) which can be dissolved by the President of the Republic, who is elected for a term of 5 years. President Blaise Compaoré of Burkina Faso, Source: Antônio Cruz The current president is Blaise Compaoré, who came to power in 1987 after a coup d'état that killed Thomas Sankara. ![]() A counter-coup was launched in 1983, which left Captain Thomas Sankara in charge. There was another coup, led by Saye Zerbo in 1980, which in turn was overthrown in 1982. The country's first military coup occurred in 1966 it returned to civilian rule in 1978. On December 11, 1958, it achieved self-government, and became a republic and member of the Franco-African Community (La Communauté Franco-Africaine). On SeptemUpper Volta was recreated with its 1932 boundaries. On March 1, 1919, François Charles Alexis Édouard Hesling became the first governor of the new colony of Upper-Volta, which was broken up September 5, 1932, being shared between the Côte d’Ivoire, Mali and Niger. It was originally administered as part of Côte d'Ivoire colony, but became a separate colony in 1919. Its inhabitants participated in the First World War in the heart of the battalions of the Senegalese Infantry (Tirailleurs sénégalais). In 1904, these territories were integrated into French West Africa in the heart of the Upper-Senegal-Niger (Haut-Sénégal-Niger) colony. In 1898, the majority of the region corresponding to Burkina Faso today was conquered. In 1896, the Mossi kingdom of Ouagadougou became a French protectorate after being defeated by French forces. Elsewhere, the remains of high walls are localised in the southwest of Burkina Faso (as well as in the Côte d'Ivoire), but the people who built them have not yet been definitely identified.īurkina Faso was a very important economic region for the Songhai Empire during the 15th and 16th centuries. They left the area between the 15th and 16th centuries BC to settle in the cliffs of Bandiagara. Relics of the Dogon are found in the centre-north, north and north west region. The use of iron, ceramics and polished stone developed between 15 BC, as well as a preoccupation with spiritual matters, as shown by the burial remains which have been discovered. Settlements appeared between 36 BC with farmers, the traces of whose structures leave the impression of relatively permanent buildings. Like all of the west of Africa, Burkina Faso was populated early, notably by hunter-gatherers in the northwestern part of the country (12,000 to 5000 BC), and whose tools (scrapers, chisels and arrowheads) were discovered in 1973. The inhabitants of Burkina Faso are known as Burkinabè or Burkinabé ( pronounced ). Several hundred thousand farm workers migrate south every year to Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana in search of paid labour. Governmental instability during the 1970s and 1980s was followed by multiparty elections in the early 1990s. Formerly the Republic of Upper Volta, it was renamed on Augby President Thomas Sankara to mean "the land of upright people" (or "upright land") in Mossi and Dioula, the major native languages of the country. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the south east, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Côte d'Ivoire to the south west. 1 The data here is an estimation for the year 2005 produced by the International Monetary Fund in April 2005.īurkina Faso is a landlocked nation in West Africa.
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